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NDA 2026 · PYQ · Physical Geography / Volcanoes · easy

Which of the following are associated with composite volcanoes? I. They result in explosive eruptions. II. They eject pyroclastic materials. III. Pyroclastic materials and ashes accumulate near the vent, forming layers. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

  1. A.I and II only
  2. B.II and III only
  3. C.I and III only
  4. D.I, II and III✓ Correct

Explanation

Composite volcanoes (stratovolcanoes) are characterised by viscous, silica-rich, gas-charged magma that produces violent EXPLOSIVE eruptions (I correct). They eject large quantities of pyroclastic materials including ash, lapilli, bombs and pumice along with lava (II correct). These pyroclastic materials and ash accumulate around the vent in alternating layers with solidified lava, building up the characteristic steep-sided conical 'composite' or stratified structure (III correct). All three statements are correct.
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