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CTET PAPER II 2021 · PYQ · Kohlberg / Moral Development · medium

At which stage of Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development do individuals believe that actively maintaining the current social system ensures positive human relationships and societal order?

  1. A.The punishment and obedience orientation
  2. B.The social-order maintaining orientation✓ Correct
  3. C.The instrumental purpose orientation
  4. D.The universal ethical principle orientation

Explanation

Kohlberg's social-order maintaining orientation (Stage 4) is part of the conventional level, where individuals value laws, rules, and social institutions as essential for maintaining order and positive relationships in society. Stage 1 (punishment and obedience) focuses on avoiding punishment. Stage 2 (instrumental purpose) is about self-interest and reciprocity. Stage 6 (universal ethical principles) involves abstract ethical reasoning beyond societal rules. The belief in actively maintaining the social system to ensure order is the hallmark of Stage 4.
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