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UPSC CSE 2025 · PYQ · Infrastructure / Indian Railways · hard

Consider the following statements: I. Indian Railways has prepared a National Rail Plan (NRP) to create a 'future ready' Railway system by 2028. II. 'Kavach' is an automatic train protection system developed in collaboration with Germany. III. 'Kavach' system comprises of RFID tags fitted on track in station section. Which of the statements given above are not correct?

  1. A.I and II only✓ Correct
  2. B.II and III only
  3. C.I and III only
  4. D.I, II and III

Explanation

Statement I is incorrect: the National Rail Plan (NRP) aims to create a 'future ready' Railway system by 2030, not 2028. Statement II is incorrect: Kavach is an indigenously developed Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system designed by the Research Design and Standards Organisation (RDSO) in collaboration with three Indian vendors, not Germany. Statement III is correct: the Kavach system uses RFID tags fitted on tracks in station sections and between stations, along with locomotive equipment, to prevent collisions and over-speeding. Hence statements I and II are not correct.
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