Consider the following statements regarding the causes of surface inversion of temperature : 1. Surface inversion is also known as radiation inversion. 2. The presence of negative lapse rate results in surface inversion. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Both statements are correct. Surface inversion of temperature is also called radiation inversion because it is caused by the rapid loss of heat from the Earth's surface through radiation, particularly on long, clear, calm winter nights, causing the lower layer of air to become colder than the air above it. A 'negative lapse rate' means that temperature increases with altitude (rather than the normal decrease), which is precisely the condition of temperature inversion at the surface. Both statements correctly describe surface inversion.