Which of the following factors was/were responsible for the rise of Magadha as the most powerful Mahajanapada during the 6th century BCE? 1. Region of productive agriculture 2. Accessibility to iron-mines 3. Availability of elephants in the region Select the answer using the codes given below :

All three factors contributed to the rise of Magadha. (1) Magadha's location in the fertile Gangetic plain (around present-day Bihar) provided rich agricultural land enabling high productivity and surplus. (2) The region had easy access to rich iron-ore deposits in modern-day Jharkhand, enabling production of weapons and agricultural tools. (3) The dense forests of the region provided elephants for warfare, giving Magadha a military advantage as elephants were used as war engines. Additionally, riverine communication via Ganga, and strategic location of capitals Rajagriha and later Pataliputra, also helped Magadha's expansion.