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NDA 2024 · PYQ · Statistics / Sequences · hard

Given the distribution with xᵢ = 1, 2, 3, ..., n and fᵢ = 1, 2⁻¹, 2⁻², ..., 2⁻⁽ⁿ⁻¹⁾. What is Σxᵢfᵢ equal to?

  1. A.(2ⁿ⁺¹ - n + 2)/2ⁿ⁻¹
  2. B.(2ⁿ⁺¹ - n - 2)/2ⁿ⁻¹✓ Correct
  3. C.(2ⁿ⁺¹ + n + 2)/2ⁿ⁻¹
  4. D.(2ⁿ⁺¹ - n - 2)/2ⁿ

Explanation

S = Σᵢ₌₁ⁿ i·2⁻⁽ⁱ⁻¹⁾ = 1 + 2/2 + 3/4 + ... + n/2ⁿ⁻¹. Using the formula for arithmetic-geometric series: S = Σᵢ₌₁ⁿ i·(1/2)ⁱ⁻¹. The sum Σᵢ₌₁^∞ i·xⁱ⁻¹ = 1/(1-x)² for |x|<1. For finite sum, S = (2ⁿ⁺¹ - n - 2)/2ⁿ⁻¹. This is the standard AGP result.
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