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NDA 2025 · PYQ · Permutations and Combinations · medium

How many 7-letter words (with or without meaning) can be constructed using all the letters of the word CAPITAL so that all consonants come together in each word?

Answer

The correct answer is A: 360. CAPITAL has 7 letters: C, A, P, I, T, A, L. Consonants: C, P, T, L (4).

  1. A.360✓ Correct
  2. B.300
  3. C.288
  4. D.240

Explanation

CAPITAL has 7 letters: C, A, P, I, T, A, L. Consonants: C, P, T, L (4). Vowels: A, I, A (3, with A repeated). Treat 4 consonants as one block. Then arrange the block with 3 vowels = 4 items, but vowels have repetition. Number of arrangements = 4!·4!/2! (consonants arranged within block, items arranged, vowels A repeated). = 24·24/2 = 288. Wait: items to arrange = 1 block + 3 vowels = 4 items, with 2 A's repeated, so 4!/2! = 12 arrangements. Consonants within block: 4! = 24. Total = 12·24 = 288. Hmm, that gives 288. But answer (a) 360. Let me reconsider: actually, 4!·4!/2! treats consonants in block (4!) and total 4 items (block + 3 vowels) arranged with /2! for repeated A. So 24·12 = 288. The answer should be 288 (c).
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