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NDA 2025 · PYQ · 3D Geometry / Direction Cosines · medium

If a line in 3 dimensions makes angles α, β and γ with the positive directions of the coordinate axes, then what is cos(α+β)cos(α-β) equal to?

  1. A.cos²γ
  2. B.-cos²γ✓ Correct
  3. C.sin²γ
  4. D.-sin²γ

Explanation

cos(α+β)cos(α-β) = cos²α - sin²β. Using cos²α + cos²β + cos²γ = 1: cos²α = 1 - cos²β - cos²γ. So cos²α - sin²β = 1 - cos²β - cos²γ - (1-cos²β) = -cos²γ.
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