Loose sediments are transformed into sedimentary rocks by the process of

Lithification is the geological process by which loose, unconsolidated sediments are converted into solid sedimentary rocks. It involves compaction (reduction in pore space under the weight of overlying layers) and cementation (deposition of mineral matter such as silica, calcite or iron oxide in pore spaces, binding the grains together). Weathering breaks rocks down; mass wasting and solifluction are forms of downslope movement of debris. Hence the correct process is lithification.