Rearrange P, Q, R, S to form a coherent sentence: P: most of the minerals are nationalised / Q: is possible only after the / R: government grants permission as / S: extraction of minerals in India

Reading the parts together: 'extraction of minerals in India (S) is possible only after the (Q) government grants permission as (R) most of the minerals are nationalised (P).' This yields a fluent, logical sentence: extraction → requires permission → because minerals are nationalised. S provides the subject, Q the verb phrase, R the conditional clause, and P the reason. Hence the correct order is S Q R P, option (a).