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CDS 2025 · PYQ · Chemistry / Atomic Models · easy

Which one of the following could not be explained by Rutherford's nuclear model?

  1. A.Stability of the atom✓ Correct
  2. B.Presence of nucleus in the centre of an atom
  3. C.Comparison of sizes of atom and nucleus
  4. D.Nucleus is positively charged

Explanation

Rutherford's nuclear model could not explain the stability of the atom. According to classical electromagnetic theory, an electron revolving around the nucleus in a circular orbit would continuously emit electromagnetic radiation, lose energy, and spiral into the nucleus, making the atom unstable. However, atoms are observed to be stable. This limitation was later addressed by Bohr's model, which postulated that electrons revolve in specific stationary orbits without radiating energy. Rutherford's gold foil experiment successfully established the existence of a small, dense, positively charged nucleus at the center of the atom and demonstrated the relative sizes of the atom and nucleus.
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