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CDS 2025 · PYQ · Chemistry / Atomic Theory · medium

Which one of the following is not explained by the Dalton's atomic theory?

  1. A.Law of conservation of mass
  2. B.Law of constant composition
  3. C.Presence of different kind of sub-atomic particles in an atom✓ Correct
  4. D.Law of multiple proportion

Explanation

Dalton's atomic theory (1808) could not explain the presence of different kinds of sub-atomic particles (electrons, protons, neutrons) in an atom. According to Dalton, atoms were indivisible and the smallest particles of matter. The discovery of subatomic particles (electron by Thomson in 1897, proton and nucleus by Rutherford, neutron by Chadwick in 1932) contradicted this postulate. However, Dalton's theory successfully explained the Law of Conservation of Mass, the Law of Constant Composition (Definite Proportions), and the Law of Multiple Proportions, as these laws are based on the combining ratios of atoms which Dalton's theory addressed.
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