Which one of the following statements is NOT correct?
A.The molecules of soap are sodium or potassium salts of long chain fatty acids
B.The molecules of soap contain both hydrophobic and hydrophilic ends
C.Detergents are more effective than soaps in hard water
D.In micelles the ionic-end of the molecules is towards oil droplet while the other end faces outside✓ Correct
Explanation
In micelles, the orientation of soap molecules is opposite to what statement (d) describes. The hydrophobic (non-polar hydrocarbon tail) end faces inward toward the oil droplet/dirt, while the hydrophilic (ionic/polar) end faces outward toward water. This arrangement allows the soap to emulsify oily dirt and wash it away in water. Statements (a), (b), and (c) are all correct: soaps are indeed sodium/potassium salts of long-chain fatty acids, they have dual hydrophobic-hydrophilic character, and detergents work better in hard water because they do not form insoluble precipitates with Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ions.
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