UPSC CSE 2025 · PYQ · Ancient/Medieval India / Chola Empire · medium
Who among the following led a successful military campaign against the kingdom of Srivijaya, the powerful maritime State, which ruled the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java and the neighbouring islands?
A.Amoghavarsha (Rashtrakuta)
B.Prataparudra (Kakatiya)
C.Rajendra I (Chola)✓ Correct
D.Vishnuvardhana (Hoysala)
Explanation
Rajendra I (Chola), who ruled from 1014-1044 CE, launched a successful naval expedition against the Srivijaya kingdom (also known as Sailendra dynasty) around 1025 CE. The Chola navy crossed the Bay of Bengal and conquered key ports including Kadaram (modern Kedah) and several territories in the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Java. This was one of the few overseas military expeditions by an Indian ruler. Rajendra I assumed the title 'Kadaram Kondan' (Conqueror of Kadaram) to commemorate this victory.
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