With reference to the above passage (on net-zero carbon), the following assumptions have been made: 1. Supply-side investments in companies can result in low-carbon behaviour in people. 2. People are not capable of adapting low-carbon behaviour without the involvement of Government and Companies. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?

Assumption I is valid because the passage explicitly states that supply-side investments by companies and governments would make low-carbon options cheaper and more widely available, facilitating behavioural change. Assumption II is too strong — the passage says incentives are needed to enable demand-side measures, but does not claim people are "not capable" of low-carbon behaviour without government/companies; it only says incentives help. Therefore only assumption I is valid.